Sapphire features a Mohs hardness of 9, delivering exceptional scratch resistance, a high melting point of about 2050 °C, and strong thermal stability. It is also corrosion-resistant and exhibits excellent transmission in the infrared. These properties make sapphire an ideal window material for high-power lasers and mid/multispectral applications. It is commonly deployed in satellite control panel displays, firecontrol sensor systems, thermal and vibration environmental testing, and a wide range of aerospace technologies.
